React/ReactJS: Rendering Highcharts
Highcharts is an excellent charting library developed in JavaScript by Highsoft, a company founded by Torstein Hønsi, who is also the main creator of Highcharts. It was first released in 2009.
Highcharts is capable of rendering various types of graphs, from basic line and column charts to 3D and heatmaps. You can go through all the different kinds of charts supported by Highcharts here.
In this tutorial, we will learn how to use/render Highcharts in ReactJS.
We explore two packages here. Highcharts actually has an officially supported wrapper for React, but we will explore it in the section after the next.
React Highcharts
The package react-highcharts came out about a year earlier before the official Highcharts wrapper. If you wish to use the official wrapper, you can skip this section and jump to the next.
To use this wrapper, the first step is to install the react-highcharts npm package.
npm i react-highcharts --save-dev
After installation, the package will be inside the node_modules directory. We will create a separate component to display our charts, say, Graph.js, and import Highcharts there.
import React from 'react';
import Highcharts from 'highcharts';
As an example, let us pick a pie chart and illustrate the composition of the Earth's atmosphere with it: Nitrogen (78.1%), Oxygen (20.9%), Argon (0.9%) and Trace Gases (0.1%). We will render this chart within the <div> element with id atmospheric-composition.
render() {
return (
<div id="atmospheric-composition">
</div>
);
}
Let us create a state variable, say series, and assign an array to it consisting of Earth's atmospheric composition data structured in the following way inside the constructor().
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
series: [{
name: 'Gases',
data: [
{
name: 'Argon',
y: 0.9,
color: '#3498db'
},
{
name: 'Nitrogen',
y: 78.1,
color: '#9b59b6'
},
{
name: 'Oxygen',
y: 20.9,
color: '#2ecc71'
},
{
name: 'Trace Gases',
y: 0.1,
color: '#f1c40f'
}
]
}]
}
}
A Highcharts chart is initialized using the Highcharts.chart() constructor. The whole object (within braces) passed as a parameter to it is known as the options object; and chart, title and plotOptions are objects whereas series is an array. For easy handling, the Highcharts.chart() constructor is placed inside the highChartsRender() function so that we can just call the function to initialize the constructor. Inside the chart object, the value pie corresponding to the type property indicates that the chart is a pie chart, and the string value atmospheric-composition corresponding to the renderTo property is the id of the element inside which the chart will be rendered. And to make our pie chart look like a donut/doughnut, the innerSize option inside the pie object of the plotOptions wrapper object is set to 70%. The last object series is assigned the state variable this.state.series, which is an array.
highChartsRender() {
Highcharts.chart({
chart: {
type: 'pie',
renderTo: 'atmospheric-composition'
},
title: {
verticalAlign: 'middle',
floating: true,
text: 'Earth\'s Atmospheric Composition',
style: {
fontSize: '10px',
}
},
plotOptions: {
pie: {
dataLabels: {
format: '{point.name}: {point.percentage:.1f} %'
},
innerSize: '70%'
}
},
series: this.state.series
});
}
Since we need to render the chart soon after the Graph.js component is inserted into the DOM tree, we will be invoking the highChartsRender() function inside componentDidMount().
componentDidMount() {
this.highChartsRender();
}
Here is the full code.
import React from 'react';
import Highcharts from 'highcharts';
class Donut extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
series: [{
name: 'Gases',
data: [
{
name: 'Argon',
y: 0.9,
color: '#3498db'
},
{
name: 'Nitrogen',
y: 78.1,
color: '#9b59b6'
},
{
name: 'Oxygen',
y: 20.9,
color: '#2ecc71'
},
{
name: 'Trace Gases',
y: 0.1,
color: '#f1c40f'
}
]
}]
}
}
highChartsRender() {
Highcharts.chart({
chart: {
type: 'pie',
renderTo: 'atmospheric-composition'
},
title: {
verticalAlign: 'middle',
floating: true,
text: 'Earth\'s Atmospheric Composition',
style: {
fontSize: '10px',
}
},
plotOptions: {
pie: {
dataLabels: {
format: '{point.name}: {point.percentage:.1f} %'
},
innerSize: '70%'
}
},
series: this.state.series
});
}
componentDidMount() {
this.highChartsRender();
}
render() {
return (
<div id="atmospheric-composition">
</div>
);
}
}
export default Donut;
Import the Graph.js component inside your index.js file.
import Graph from './graph';
And finally, render the imported component.
ReactDOM.render(<Graph/>, document.getElementById('root'));
We get our donut chart as below.
A donut/doughnut chart generated by Highcharts
Highcharts React Wrapper
Now there is also an official Highcharts wrapper for React called Highcharts React and it is on NPM: highcharts-react-official. Install it.
npm i highcharts-react-official --save-dev
Or if you have not installed highcharts package, you can install it along.
npm i highcharts highcharts-react-official --save-dev
Import the installed packages into your React component.
import Highcharts from 'highcharts';
import HighchartsReact from 'highcharts-react-official';
In this section, we will pick a different chart to plot. We will plot the Vitamin C and Sugar content in the fruits mango, grapes and banana in a stacked bar.
We define a state variable called barOptions inside the constructor, which is supposed to contain chart options.
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
barOptions: []
}
}
We initialize the state variable inside a function called highChartsRender()
highChartsRender = () => {
this.setState({
barOptions:{
chart: {
type: 'bar'
},
title: {
text: 'Stacked Bar Chart'
},
xAxis: {
categories: ['Sugar (g/100g)', 'Vitamic C (mg/100g)']
},
yAxis: {
min: 0,
title: {
text: ''
}
},
credits: {
enabled: false
},
legend: {
reversed: true
},
plotOptions: {
series: {
stacking: 'normal'
}
},
series: [{
name: 'Grapes',
data: [18.1,33.7],
color: '#6f2da8',
index: 2
}, {
name: 'Banana',
data: [15.6,9],
color: '#ffe135',
index: 1
}, {
name: 'Mango',
data: [14.8,14.7],
color: '#ff8040',
index: 0
}]
}
});
}
which is invoked on component load, thereby initializing the state variable.
componentDidMount() {
this.highChartsRender();
}
Now render the default component class exported by the wrapper inside render() as follows:
render() {
const { barOptions } = this.state;
return (
<div>
<HighchartsReact highcharts={Highcharts}
options={barOptions} isPureConfig={true} />
</div>
);
}
The generated stacked bar chart is as below:
A stacked bar chart generated by Highcharts