Binomial Coefficient in C

A combination is the number of ways in which $r$ things taken from a total of $n$ distinguishable items can be arranged, without order.

The below image illustrates the number of ways in which three different circles (red, yellow and black) can be combined, taken two at a time. It is 3.

The combination of $n$ things taken $r$ at a time is denoted by $^{n} \text{C}_{r}$ and the formula for obtaining it is

$^{n} \text{C}_{r} = \frac{n!}{r!(n-r)!}$

This is known as the binomial coefficient, and it occurs as coefficients of $x$ in the expansion of the binomial $(1 + x)^{n}$.

$(1 + x)^{n} = ^{n} \text{C}_{0} + ^{n} \text{C}_{1}x + ^{n} \text{C}_{2}x^{2} + ... + ^{n} \text{C}_{n}x^{n}$

Below is the C program for compuuting the binomial coefficient based on the above formula $^{n} \text{C}_{r} = \frac{n!}{r!(n-r)!}$.

				
				#include <stdio.h>

				unsigned long nCr(unsigned short n, unsigned short r);
				unsigned long factorial(unsigned short int);

				int main() {
					unsigned short int n, r;

					printf("Enter n: ");
					scanf("%hu", &n);


					printf("Enter r: ");
					scanf("%hu", &r);

					printf("%huC%hu: %lu", n, r, nCr(n,r));
					printf("\n");

					return 0;
				}

				unsigned long nCr(unsigned short n, unsigned short r) {
					return factorial(n)/(factorial(r)*factorial(n-r)); 
				}

				unsigned long factorial(unsigned short n) {
					unsigned long f;
					
					if(n == 0 || n == 1)
						return 1;
					else 
						f = n * factorial(n-1);

					return f;
				}